Gating mechanisms for biological electron transfer: Integrating structure with biophysics reveals the nature of redox control in cytochrome P450 reductase and copper‐dependent nitrite reductase

摘要

Biologicalelectrontransferisafundamentallyimportantreaction.Despitetheapparentsimplicityofthesereactions(inthatnobondsaremadeorbroken),theirexperimentalinterrogationisoftencomplicatedbecauseofadiabaticcontrolexertedthroughassociatedchemicalandconformationalchange.Wehavestudiedthenatureofthiscontrolinseveralenzymesystems,cytochromeP450reductase,methioninesynthasereductaseandcopper‐dependentnitritereductase.Specifically,wereviewtheevidenceforconformationalcontrolincytochromeP450reductaseandmethioninesynthasereductaseandchemicalcontroli.e.protoncoupledelectrontransferinnitritereductase.Thisevidencehasaccruedthroughtheuseandintegrationofstructural,spectroscopicandadvancedkineticmethods.Thisintegratedapproachisshowntobepowerfulindissectingcontrolmechanismsforbiologicalelectrontransferandwilllikelyfindwidespreadapplicationinthestudyofrelatedbiologicalredoxsystems...