Overtraining Syndrome: Diagnostic Criteria And Therapeutic Behavior

摘要

In high performance athletes, physical training requires significant levels of demand. There should be a fine balance between effort and counter-effort; between execution and recovery. This applies both for individual sessions and for cycles and training stages. Crossing the barrier of the athlete capacity of assimilation, without compromising its biological equilibrium and health, and accumulation of excessive continuous or intermittent, but persistent exercise, can lead to overtraining syndrome, which affects in a variable degree, both performance and health of the athlete. To avoid this we must keep control on training, with periodic evaluations of the biochemical variables, give advise on the adequacy or inadequacy of training loads and recovery; and perform regular medical checks that provide extensive information on the conditions and health of the subject. However, even with all the care to prevent reaching the state of overtraining, unforeseen factors can occur that precipitate its appearance. In this case, all necessary measures to control the degree of impact that it can have on the health of the individual must be taken immediately. In this paper we present the most often used criteria for diagnosis of overtraining, and the recommended general and specific guidelines for treatment.