Simulation technico-économique d’une filière locale de valorisation du soja en alimentation animale dans le Sud-Ouest de la France

摘要

In the context of the development of soybean cultivation in the South-Western France and from a diagnosis of the seed production and feeding industry sectors stakeholders in this region, the establishment of a crushing unit is studied under three scenarios of crushing capacity and location (3000 tons per year (t/year) in the Tarn-Aveyron area, 15?000 t/year in the Gers area and 30?000 t/year in the Garonne valley). The chosen process (flaking-cooking-pressing) allows the production of soymeal whose feed value is close to imported defatted soymeal. A model for calculating the net crushing margin simulated operations and economic results of these crushing units from 2014 to 2007. For 3000, 15?000 and 30?000 t/year scenarios, the results obtained show that increasing the size of the plant greatly reduces the crushing cost (119.6 €/t, 44.9 €/t and 33.6 €/t, respectively) and that the transport costs were logically affected by the density of production and consumption areas. The created economic surplus amounted to –72, 10 and –2 €/t on average respectively, for the 2007–2014 period and improved considerably for the last five quarters (–25, 57 and 45 €/t). The functioning of the sector was simulated by the views of the various economic actors (farmers, elevators, animal breeder) to assess the benefit derived. Prospects are indicated for reducing costs and improving the value of products created.