Degradation and Removal of Malachite Green in Environment

摘要

Malachite green is a triphenylmethane dye that has been widely used in aquaculture to control fungal attacks, protozoan infections and some other diseases. Malachite green might cause carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, chromosomal fractures, teratogenecity and respiratory toxicity, therefore, it has been banned in many countries for aquacultural use. Many techniques have been developed to degrade and remove malachite green from the environment, such as adsorption, chemical degradation and biodegradation. Malachite green could be removed from water and wastewater by adsorption with different adsorbents, including natural and synthetic materials, among which activated carbon is widely used. Fenton reagent and TiO_2/UV can degrade malachite green, and their removal effects can be enlarged by ultrasonic and microwave irradiation. Algae and bacteria such as Chlorella sp., white rot fungus, Sphingomonas paucimobilis and Brevibacillus laterosporusand can also degrade malachite green. In this review, we provide an up-to-date coverage of malachite green with reference to toxicity, adsorption, chemical degradation and biodegradation.