Effect of E85 Fuel on Harmful Emissions – ?koda Fabia 1.2 HTP

摘要

The increase in the usage of bioethanol as a fuel in Europe is significant (up to15% annually) (Beran, 2011). The reason could be the European Parliament and the European Council, which adopted the so called action plan concerning with the issue of biofuels in transport. In the action plan the strategy for achieving the planed 20% substitution of conventional liquid motor fuels with alternative fuels by 2020 is defined (?ebor et al., 2006). Furthermore, according to the European Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC the target is a 20% share of energy from renewable sources and a 10% share of energy from renewable sources in transport (EU Directive 2009/28/EC; Beran, 2011;). The second reason could be the dependence of Europe on the imported crude oil products. European OECD countries were dependant on the imported crude oil in the year 2007 from about 65% and by 2030 the dependence could increase up to 83%. The transport in Europe is dependant on the crude oil products from about 98% (?ebor et al., 2006; IEA, 2009; Gnansounou, 2010). France is the major consumer of bioethanol in Europe with a 5.41% share of bioethanol on the market (in Sweden it is 5.14%) (Gnansounou, 2010).The most used fuel with higher share of bioethanol is the E85 fuel, which is madefrom 85% bioethanol and from 15% petrol. In comparison with the petrol the E85 fuel315