Studi Kasus; “Koreksi terhadap Pengukuran Polutan di Udara Unit Perajin Logam dan Dampaknya terhadap Kesehatan”

摘要

Understanding on the reaction of various air pollutants until today continues to grow, even it is hard to find information about the results of the reaction of various air pollutants standard. The aim of the research was to analyze and to correct of the the various air pollutants as well as to determine the health impact of blacksmith in 2014. The samples consisted of 38 blacksmith from 38 working units in Hulu Sungai Selatan of South Kalimantan. Analytical approach of the examination of air pollutants, blood samples and pulmonary functions of selected workers was applied in this study. The results showed a decrease in lung function and abnormalization workers immune response, as a result of exposure to various air pollutants. It is very difficult to determine and predict the causality of air pollution and health impact since there must be various factors contributing to the the health impact. because it is caused by pollutants singly or may be caused from the various reactions of these pollutants, for that, the correction need on the measurement and analysis of air pollutants that made so far, including its impact on the human body. The benefit of this research as a form of correction to use the Threshold Limit Value (TLV) and measurement of air pollutants, including the impact of the target organ in the human body.Keywords : Measurements correction, pollutants, lung function, immune response.AbstrakPemahaman reaksi berbagai polutan di udara sampai saat ini terus berkembang, bahkan hampir tidak ditemukan informasi tentang standar hasil reaksi berbagai polutan di udara. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis dan koreksi pengukuran berbagai polutan di udara serta dampaknya terhadap kesehatan perajin logam. Studi kasus dilakukan pada 38 perajin logam serta 38 unit kerjanya di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan Kalimantan Selatan tahun 2013 dengan pendekatan observational analitik beserta pengambilan contoh polutan di udara dan pengambilan sampel darah serta pemeriksaan faal paru pekerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan fungsi paru dan abnormalisasi respon imun pekerja, akibat terpajan berbagai polutan di udara,sehingga sangat sulit ditentukan dan diprediksi karena disebabkan oleh polutan tunggal atau mungkin disebabkan dari hasil berbagai reaksi polutan tersebut, untuk itulah perlu dilakukan koreksi mengenai pengukuran dan analisis polutan di udara yang dilakukan selama ini, termasuk dampaknya di dalam tubuh manusia. Manfaat penelitian ini sebagai bentuk koreksi terhadap penggunaan Nilai Ambang Batas (NAB) dan alat ukur polutan di udara termasuk dampak target organ dalam tubuh manusia.