Kinetic Evaluation of Imidacloprid Degradation in Mice Organs Treated with Olive Oil Polyphenols Extract

摘要

Imidacloprid is a highly effective insecticide, acting as agonists at the insect nicotinic acetyl-choline receptor. Nevertheless, imidacloprid itself or its metabolites could exhibit toxicity in mammals. Imidacloprid biotransformation involves oxidative cleavage, releasing the 6-chloro-nicotinic acid. Therefore, the concentration of imidacloprid and 6-chloronicotinic acid was used to characterize degradation kinetics and distribution of imidacloprid in mice liver, kidneys and lungs. Additionally, the influence of olive oil polyphenols on imidacloprid metabolism was evaluated. Experimental animals were divided into three groups: control, IMI - imidacloprid treated mice (5 mg/kg) and (IMI + PP) - mice treated with polyphenols (10 mg/kg) for seven days before the administration of imidacloprid. Neither imidacloprid nor 6-chloronicotinic acid could be detected 48 hours after administration in IMI group, while complete degradation in the (IMI + PP) group was accomplished within 24 hours. Significantly higher rate constant and shorter half-life in (IMI + PP) group emphasize that polyphenols may diminish the toxicity of this pesticide.%Imidakloprid je insekticid širokog spektra djelovanja koji blokira nikotinski tip acetilkolinskih receptora u središnjem živčanom sustavu insekata. Međutim, imidakloprid i njegovi metaboliti mogu biti potencijalno toksični za sisavce. Stoga je u ovom radu praćena distribucija i kinetika razgradnje imidakloprida u jetri, bubrezima i plućima miševa te nastanak 6-kloronikotinske kiseline kao jednog od metabolita. Također, ispitivana je uloga polifenola iz maslinova ulja na metabolizam imidakloprida. Eksperimentalne životinje su podijeljene u tri grupe: kontrolna skupina, IMI - miševi kojima je injiciran imidakloprid (5 mg/kg) i (IMI + PP) - miševi tretirani polifenolima (10 mg/kg) tijekom sedam dana prije injiciranja imidakloprida. Nakon 48 sati imidakloprid se potpuno razgradio u IMI grupi, dok se u (IMI + PP) grupi potpuno razgradio već nakon 24 sata. Značajno veća konstanta brzine razgradnje i kraće vrijeme poluživota u (IMI + PP) grupi naglašavaju moguću ulogu polifenola maslinova ulja u smanjenju toksičnosti ovog pesticida.