A newly discovered instability in rotating neutron stars, driven by gravitational radiation reaction acting on the stars' r-modes, is shown here to set an upper limit on the spin rate of young neutron stars, We calculate the timescales for the growth of linear perturbations due to gravitational radiation reaction, and for dissipation by shear and bulk viscosity, working to second order in a slow-rotation expansion within a Newtonian polytropic stellar model. The results are very temperature-sensitive f in hot neutron stars (T > l0~9 K), the lowest-order r-modes are unstable, while in colder stars they are damped by vis- cosity. These calculations have a number of interesting astrophysical implications. First, the r-mode instability will spin down a newly born neutron star to a period close to the initial period inferred for the Crab pulsar, probably between l0 and 20 ms. Second, as an initially rapidly rotating star spins down, an energy equiva1ent to roughly l of a solar, mass is radiated as gravitational waves, which makes the process an interesting source for detectable gravitational waves. Third, the r-mode instability rules out the scenario in which millisecond pulsars are formed by accretion-induced collapse of a white dwarf, the new star would be hot enough to spin down to much slower rates. Stars with periods less than perhaps l0 ms must have been formed by spin-up through accretion in binary systems, where they remain colder than the Eddington temperature of about 108 K. More accurate calculations will be required to define the limiting spin period more reliably,
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机译:用等离子体约束实现重力场的动态控制热核聚变(TLTS)方法,通过热辐射等离子体绝缘的壁反应堆防止中子辐射并节省磁场和等离子体的混合,使用旋转磁场的异步磁惯性约束反应堆(AMITYAR和HFM)为实施该方法,在该反应器中点燃热核反应的方法,爆炸式等离子发生器(VIP)的实施方法,以及具有HFM的特立普安瓿,以实现D + T反应和具有超高温热度的HFM D +3НЕ和1Н+11В的高温反应