The dependence of the shapes of fluorescence induction curves in chloroplasts on the duration of illumination pulses

摘要

The shapes of fluorescence induction curves in spinach chloroplasts, measured using double-flash pump-probe techniques, are shown to depend on the duration of the actinic flashes. For flash durations τ0 ≤ 2 μs, the variable fluorescence Fν grows exponentially (or nearly so) with increasing fluence J of the actinic pulses and the fluorescence induction ratio R = Fmax/F0 is ≤2.6. When τo ≥ 50 μs, the shapes of the Fν vs. J curves are sigmoidal, and R > 3.2. Overall, the experimentally observed trends suggest that, as the duration τ0 of the actinic pulses is increased, the degree of sigmoidicity, the deduced values of the interunit excitation transfer parameter p, and the fluorescence induction ratios R, also tend to increase. These results can be accounted for in terms of a simple double-photon hit model in which a dark lag time τ1 = 0.4-10 μs between the two hits is necessary for the observance of sigmoidal fluorescence induction curves and relatively high R ratios. It is shown that, in principle, such a model can account for the exponential and sigmoidal shapes of the fluorescence induction curves either within the context of a lake model of the photosynthetic antenna bed (free transfer of excitation between photosynthetic units) or the isolated (puddle) model of photosystem II reaction centers. However, from the known values of the R ratio measured with actinic pulses of different durations, or under continuous illumination, the lake model offers a better description of the experimental phenomena than the puddle model.