Objective:To observe the relativity of mitochondrial structure damage and the express of inflammatory factor in UC rats,to analysis the curative effect of Yiqi Jiedu formula (Qi-tonifying and toxicity-relieving formula)in acute and chronic phase,and to discuss the regulatory mechanism of Yiqi Jiedu formula in inflammatory factors and mitochondrial structure in different phases . Methods:The experimental rat models with ulcerative colitis were set up by immune complex method ( sensitization with rabbit mu-cous membrane of colon and coloclystering with TNBS and 50%alcohol ) .One hundred rats were randomly divided into the normal group,model group,Yiqi Jiedu group and mesalasize group .Colon samples were taken from the four groups at the 1 st day,14th day and 56th day respectively of and the ultra-microstructure of rat colonic mucosal epithelial cells were observed under electron micro -scope.The colon mitochondria with Flameng score system were graded and the expressing level of TNF -αand ICAM-1 in mucous membrane of colon were tested by immunohistochemical method .Results:The damage of ultra-microstructure in mucous membrane of colon cells existed in the whole UC process ,especially the mitochondria was more lasting and serious .The expresses of TNF-αand ICAM-1 in colonic mucosa increased obviously and descended with the progression ,but both of which are higher than those of the normal group in chronic phase .The damage of the mitochondria mainly synchronizes with the express of TNF-αin colonic muco-sa in the whole progression of UC .To some extent ,mesalazine had some repairing effects in acute phase ,but poor efficacy in chronic phase,no apparent recovery of mitochondria in chronic phase .In the respects of regulating TNF-αand ICAM-1,the decline rate by mesalazine in acute phase was significantly over Yiqi Jiedu formula .While in chronic phase ,Yiqi Jiedu formula overtook mesala-zine,with the decline rate over mesalazine ,which was closer to normal level .Conclusion:The damage of mitochondrial structure in chronic phase may correlate with the lasting high express of inflammatory factor ,and which maybe the potential cause to palindromia and the damage of colonic mucosa .Mesalazine may rapidly control the acute exacerbation of inflammation ,while the Yiqi Jiedu for-mula is better in controlling the lasting chronic inflammation ,especially in lastingly repairing the damaged mitochondria .It shows great superiorities in anti-palindromia in chronic phase .%目的：观察溃疡性结肠炎（ Ulcerative Colitis ，UC）大鼠结肠线粒体结构损伤与炎性反应因子表达之间的相关性，分析益气解毒方在UC急、慢性期2个时期的临床疗效，探讨益气解毒方对不同时期的结肠炎性反应因子与线粒体结构的调节作用。方法：采用家兔结肠黏膜组织致敏加TNBS-乙醇灌肠的免疫复合法造模，将100只Wistar大鼠随机分成正常组、模型组、益气解毒组和美沙拉嗪组，分别于造模后第1天、给药后第2周末、给药后第6周末3个时间点取材，观察电镜下大鼠结肠黏膜上皮细胞的超微结构，进行结肠线粒体Flameng评分，采用免疫组织化学法测定结肠黏膜TNF-α、ICAM-1的表达水平。结果：大鼠结肠黏膜细胞超微结构的损伤持续存在于UC急性期与慢性期的整个病程中，线粒体的损伤更为严重持久。结肠黏膜的TNF-α、ICAM-1表达显著升高，随着病情的进展这2个指标均有所下降，但至慢性期仍然显著高于正常对照组。 UC整个病变过程中，线粒体的损伤与结肠黏膜TNF-α的表达基本同步。美沙拉嗪对急性期线粒体有一定的修复作用，但远期疗效不佳，慢性期其线粒体结构恢复不明显。益气解毒方可持续修复受损的线粒体，效果明显优于美沙拉嗪，至慢性期线粒体结构基本接近正常水平。在调节TNF-α、ICAM-1方面，急性期美沙拉嗪下调的幅度要大于益气解毒方。至慢性期益气解毒方后来居上，其下调幅度明显大于美沙拉嗪，更接近正常值。结论：慢性期线粒体结构损伤与炎性反应因子TNF-α的持续高表达具有相关性，可能是引起UC复发与结肠黏膜损伤的潜在因素。美沙拉嗪可快速地控制炎性反应的急性发作，益气解毒方则对持续的慢性炎性反应有更好的抑制作用，特别是能够持续修复受损的线粒体，对慢性期抗复发更具疗效与优势。
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