金沙江白鹤滩水电站工程建设的重大作用

摘要

金沙江白鹤滩水电站是长江上游开发治理保护的重大项目,以发电为主,兼顾防洪、改善区域通航条件、促进地方经济社会协调发展等综合效益.电站多年平均年发电量624.43亿kW·h,替代火电每年可节约标煤约1 968万t,减少大量温室气体排放;水库防洪库容75.0亿m3,按2010年价值计算,多年平均防洪效益达到9.24亿元;水库形成的常年回水区河段长145 km,与金沙江下游4座水库综合运用可进一步提升长江“黄金水道”功能;直接用于电站枢纽建设和库区建设的资金超过1 700亿元,对金沙江下游地区经济社会发展意义重大.总的来说,白鹤滩水电站工程在发电、防洪、减排、供水、航运及促进经济社会环境协调发展等方面效益显著.%Baihetan Hydropower Station in Jinsha River is a major project for the development and protection of the upper reaches of Yangtze River.It focuses on power generation,while also takes into account flood control,improving regional navigation conditions and promoting the coordinated development of local economy and society.The average annual power generation of station is 62.443 billion kW· h,that can replace thermal power coal consumption about 16.68 million tons of standard coal per year and reduce large amount of greenhouse gas emission.The flood storage capacity of reservoir is 7.5 billion m3,which can generate average annual flood control benefits of 924 million Yuan according to the price in 2010.The permanent backwater region formed by reservoir is 145 km long,which can further improve the function of “Golden Waterway”of Yangtze River when comprehensively utilizing four cascade reservoirs in the lower reaches of Jinsha River.The funds directly used for power station and reservoir area construction exceed 170 billion Yuan,which is significant for the development of economy and society in the lower reaches of Jinsha River.In general,Baihetan Hydropower Project has significant benefits in terms of power generation,flood control,emission reduction,water supply,shipping and promoting coordinated development of economy,society and environment.