脉冲等离子体电推进系统实验技术研究进展

摘要

脉冲等离子体电推进是一种利用电容器脉冲放电产生电磁场,带电粒子被电磁场加速而产生推力的电推进系统.由于其结构简单、输入功率小、比冲较高,在微小卫星领域具有很好的应用前景.PPT从原理样机到飞行产品阶段需要进行大量实验,同时调研了英国、美国、日本以及国内部分高校的PPT电推进系统实验,从性能实验、环境实验、寿命实验方面讨论了PPT电推进系统需要开展的实验项目,其中性能实验包括元冲量测量、电参数测量、烧蚀质量测量、羽流诊断,环境实验包括力学、真空和EMC实验.%Pulsed plasma electric propulsion systemis a kind of electric propulsion system. The electromagnetic field is generated by the discharge of capacitor,charged particles are then accelerated by electromagnetic field to produce thrust. PPT is a promising electric propulsion device for small satellite because of its simple structure,low input power and high specific impulse. Lots of tests need to be carried out from the PPT prototype to the flight products. In this paper,the PPT electric propulsion system tests in UK,USA,Japan and some domestic universities are systematically introduced. The test technology of PPT is discussed from performance test,environmental test and life test respectively. Performance test includes impulse bit measurement,electric parameter measurement,ablation mass measurement and plume diagnostic.en-vironmental test includes mechanical test,thermal vacuum test,EMC test.