液体粘滞阻尼器在市政桥梁抗震加固设计的研究应用及实用性分析

摘要

This paper firstly make analysis of the bridge's seismic vulnerability and seismic strengthening methods, and then summarize experiences on the practical designing of seismic strengthening of municipal bridges, such as Fu Cheng Men bridge, De Sheng Men bridge, An Ding Men bridge, etc.. The summarize shows the designing method of municipal bridges strengthening when using the FVD, and also, it is compared with the conventional reinforcement technology, which reveals the advantages of reinforcement measures in engineering cost, traffic impact, and implementation. In addition, it analyses the optimization analysis method of the damper parameters. Final y, it propose problems of dampers has existed in our nation and the dampers' prospect and market. Among the cases studied, the research results show that:The bridges without seismic designing always have the shortages of having no enough ductility in the rare earthquakes. However, the method of seismic reduction and isolation reinforcement, especial y the technical measures of viscous damper applied between the pier, girder and abutment, provides a good solution for the reinforcement of bridges. Not only effect of the reinforcement is obvious and the cost is low, but also, the practicability is high and the traffic impact is low. In addition, it is suitable for application. Also, the optimization of the dampers' location and design parameter need to be taken into account during the designing process of dampers. It needs to be noticed that the target displacement should be distinct and the increased partial demand of force caused by the connection components in the process of reinforcement designing.%本文首先对桥梁的地震易损性和抗震加固方法进行了分析，继而结合笔者对阜成门，德胜门和安定门立交桥抗震加固的实际设计进行经验总结，展示了粘滞阻尼器在市政桥梁加固时的设计方法，同时与常规加固技术进行比较，揭示了该加固措施在工程造价、交通影响、可实施性等方面的优势，并且分析探讨了在阻尼器参数优化分析的方法。最后提出了阻尼器在我国应用存在的问题，前景及市场等。其中，在案例分析中，论文研究成果表明：现役的没有进行抗震设计的桥梁，一般而言普遍存在罕遇地震下延性能力不足等缺陷。减、隔震加固方法，特别是在墩梁、桥台主梁之间施加粘滞阻尼器的技术措施，为该类立交桥的抗震加固提供了一个很好的解决方案。其成效不仅显著，而且具有造价低、可实施性强、交通影响小等优势，适于推广应用。并且，进行粘滞阻尼器设计时要考虑其布置位置及设计的参数的优化。需注意在减震加固设计时应具有明确的位移目标、同时应注意加固后连接构件局部受力需求的增加。