研究硫铜钴矿生物浸出过程中细菌的作用及其溶解反应途径。结果表明，间接作用机制和接触作用机制均对硫铜钴矿生物浸出过程产生影响。当细菌吸附到矿物表面时，矿物溶解速率显著加快，说明浸出过程中接触作用机制对硫铜钴矿的溶解有重要影响。浸出过程中硫元素氧化价态的变化顺序为S−2→S0→S+4→S+6，并有单质硫沉淀在矿物表面，说明硫铜钴矿生物浸出过程按照多硫化物途径进行。硫铜钴矿表面被细菌严重腐蚀，出现许多大小不一的腐蚀坑洞，并有单质硫、硫酸盐及亚硫酸盐生成。这些氧化产物在矿物表面形成一层钝化层。%The function of microorganism and dissolution reaction pathway of carrollite in the bioleaching process were investigated. The results showed that both indirect and contact mechanisms influenced the leaching process. The dissolution of carrollite was significantly accelerated when bacteria were adsorbed on the mineral surface, indicating that the contact mechanism significantly affected the dissolution of carrollite. During bioleaching, the sequence of oxidation state of the sulfur moiety of carrollite was as follows: S−2→S0→S+4→S+6. Elemental sulfur precipitated on the mineral surface, indicating that the dissolution of carrollite occurred via the polysulfide pathway. The surface of carrollite was selectively corroded by bacteria, and oxidation pits with different sizes were observed at various sites. Elemental sulfur, sulfate and sulfite were present on the surface of carrollite during the leaching process, and may have formed a passivation layer on mineral surface.
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