永磁偏置磁轴承的研究现状及其发展

摘要

Permanent magnets biased magnetic bearing is an important research content in high speed application field such as flywheel energy storage and turbo molecular pumps etc. In this paper permanent magnets biased magnetic bearing's research status now and development in the future are expounded. Permanent magnets biased magnetic bearings are sorted as axial single degree of freedom (DOF) magnetic bearing, radial two DOF magnetic bearing, axial-radial three DOF magnetic bearing and five DOF magnetic bearing system. Their configurations are studied. Their sketch maps are presented. Their operating principles are analyzed through using magnetic circuit maps. Same type's magnetic bearings are compared and where they can be applied is pointed out. Many permanent magnets biased magnetic bearings' configurations are advanced. Permanent magnets biased magnetic bearings with low power consuming, simple structure and easy controlled will be a primary researching direction.%永磁偏置磁轴承是飞轮储能和涡轮分子泵等高速应用领域的一个重要研究内容.本文对永磁偏置磁轴承的研究现状及其未来发展进行了详细阐述.将永磁偏置磁轴承分为轴向单自由度、径向两自由度、轴向-径向三自由度及五自由度磁悬浮系统分别进行研究,研究其结构形式,绘制结构示意图,结合磁路图分析其工作原理,比较同类磁轴承优劣,指出其应用场合.对永磁偏置磁轴承的未来发展进行了研究,提出了众多结构形式的永磁偏置磁轴承,功耗低、结构简单、控制方便的永磁偏置磁轴承将是未来研究的主要方向.