新型膨胀型阻燃剂的合成与表征

摘要

以二乙醇胺和丙烯酸甲酯为原料合成AB2型单体,再和三羟甲基丙烷在对甲苯磺酸催化下得到端羟基超支化一代产物(HPAE1),最后用五氧化二磷和磷酸作磷酸化剂,将HPAE1磷酸化后获得新型膨胀型阻燃剂HPAE1-P.通过FTIR、元素分析、1H NMR等对HPAE1-P的分子结构进行了表征,并通过TGA考察了其热稳定性.结果表明：HPAE1的主要C骨架没有变化,羟基部分被磷酸化；热稳定性良好.应用试验表明：织物经该阻燃剂整理后,阻燃性能大幅提高,LOI可达30.5%,阻燃等级为B1级.%The hyperbranched product (HPAE1) with terminated hydroxyl was prepared based on trimethyl-olpropane and AB2 monomer synthesized by methyl acrylate and diethanolamine using p-toluene sulfonic acid as catalyst. Final y, a novel intumescent flame retardant HPAE1-P was synthesized using HPAE1 and phos-phorylation agent (phosphorus pentoxide and phosphoric acid) via partial phosphorylation reactions. The molecu-lar structure and thermal stability of the HPAE1-P were characterized by FTIR, elemental analysis, 1H NMR and TGA. The results showed that the main C skeleton of HPAE1 did not change, and hydroxyl was partial y phosphorylated. The flame retardant had good thermal stability. The application tests showed that flame retar-dant performance of the finished fabric increased, LOI could reach 30.5%, flame retardant grade reached the B1 level.