以天然多羟基化合物蔗糖为原料合成聚醚多元醇的工艺研究

摘要

采用天然多羟基化合物蔗糖为原料，与甘油和环氧丙烷发生聚合反应合成聚醚多元醇。采用正交实验法详细考察了各主要反应因素对合成聚醚多元醇的影响，取得了最优制备工艺条件为：在反应釜中投入比例为1∶1（摩尔比）的甘油和蔗糖，同时加入反应物料总量1%的固体KOH为催化剂，用氮气置换3次以上抽真空，继续在抽真空的条件下升温至95℃，1h后，以5mL·min-1的速度进环氧丙烷，得到的聚醚多元醇产品质量较好。并在此基础上，进一步对各个主要影响因素进行了具体探讨和分析，揭示了蔗糖合成聚醚多元醇的反应规律。%A polyether polyol was synthesized from sucrose,glycerol and oxypropane.The method of orthogonal test was used and the main influence factors of synthesizing the polyether polyol were studied. The best reaction conditions finally were got:the suitable adding mount proportion of sucrose and glycerol was 1∶1(mole ratio);the best catalyst using amount should be 1%of the whole reactants;the reactor was vacuumized by using N2 to replace three times. Then polymerization reactive temperature was con-trolled to 95℃;after 1h the best PO feed speed keeping in 5mL/min, the high quality polyether polyol was produced. Based on this result, the synthesis reaction regularity of polyether polyol from sucrose was clearly by more study on the main influence factors.