四川小麦品种籽粒硬度和穗发芽抗性相关基因的分子标记鉴定

摘要

[目的]鉴定四川小麦品种籽粒硬度和穗发芽抗性相关基因的组成,可为四川小麦的品质改良提供理论依据.[方法]利用2个籽粒硬度和1个穗发芽抗性等位基因分子标记,对105份2000年后育成的四川小麦品种进行上述基因的检测.[结果]本研究表明:①针对籽粒硬度,含有Pinb-D1b基因(Pinb突变)的品种有11份,频率为10.5％,非Pinb-D1b等位基因类型则占到89.5％.②针对穗发芽抗性,含Vp-1Bc(抗穗发芽)的品种有88份,频率为83.8％;含Vp-1Ba(感穗发芽)的品种有17份,频率为16.2％;未能扩增出含Vp-1Bb(抗穗发芽)的品种.③聚合2项优质基因(Pinb-D1b和Vp-1Bc),品质优良的品种有11份,频率为10.5％.[结论]利用这些含有优异基因资源的品种,在四川小麦品质育种中逐步导入上述优质基因,是综合提高四川小麦品质的有效途径.%[Objective] In order to accelerate the progress for the improvement of quality breeding,the present study was used to characterize the allelic variations of genes which related grain hardness and resistance to pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) in Sichuan wheat cultivars.[Method] With 2 molecular markers of grain hardness,1 functional markers of resistance to PHS,105 Sichuan wheat cultivars which released since 2000 were detected.[Result] The results showed that:(i) For grain hardness,11 cultivars contained Pinb-D1b (Pinb mutation),with a frequency of 10.5 ％;non-Pinb-D1b was detected in 94 cultivars,with a frequency of 89.5 ％.(ii) For the resistance to PHS,88 cultivars had allele Vp-1Bc (resistance to PHS),with a frequency of 83.8 ％;17 carried Vp-1Ba (susceptible to PHS),with a frequency of 16.2 ％.Vp-1Bb (resistance to PHS) was not detected in the varieties.(iii) 11 excellent sichuan wheat cultivars had 2 good quality genes combination (Pinb-D1b and Vp-1Bc),with a frequency of 10.5 ％.[Conclusion] Pyramiding a number of good genes as Pinb-D1b and Vp-1Bc was the effective way to improve the quality of Sichuan wheat cultivars.