山东省麦后夏直播花生生产发展潜力与对策

摘要

发展麦后夏直播花生是解决粮油争地矛盾、实现花生轻简高效栽培及保障粮油安全的有效途径。本文简述了山东花生主要种植方式及其面积和产量状况，介绍了麦后夏直播花生分布区域与主要种植方式；从气候资源、种植面积和产量提高等方面探讨了夏直播花生的生产潜力；从土壤条件与田间作业优势、品种、技术及种植效益等方面分析了发展夏直播花生的优势与条件；指出产量不稳、种植技术有待提高和管理粗放是制约夏直播花生进一步发展的主要瓶颈；提出了因地制宜合理布局、实施联合攻关突破关键技术及加强现有技术成果的集成与示范等进一步发展夏直播花生的技术对策。%Developing summer -planting peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)after wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)harvest is an effective way to solve the contradictory between grain and oil foods due to the land scarcity, achieve the efficient cultivation of peanut and ensure the safety of grain and oil foods.The main planting modes,areas and production conditions of peanut in Shandong,and also the distribution areas and planting modes of summer -planting peanut were described.The production potential of summer -planting peanut was discussed according to the climate resource,planting area and yield.The advantages and conditions to devel-ope summer -planting peanut were analyzed by soil condition,field operating advantage,variety,technology and planting benefit.The instability of peanut yield,needing improvement of planting technology and exten-sive management were the main reasons that restricted the further development of summer -planting peanut. The technology strategies,reasonable layout according to local conditions,implementation of joint research breakthrough to key technologies and strengthening the integration and demonstration of existed technology, were put forward to further develop the summer -planting peanut.