邻近性与自主合作创新网络演进:以集成电路产业链为例

摘要

With the evolvement of science and technology, more and more innovation activities are conducted by multiple organizations, but consensus on understanding the mechanism of collaboration innovation has not been established yet.This research tries to establish a comprehensive framework by employing and social network theory and introducing multi-dimensional proximity.This research employed a full sample complex network analysis and MRQAP analysis method, using collaboration patent data from 1985 to 2015 in IC industry chain, and found: Geographic proximity, knowledge cumulative proximity, knowledge structure proximity and innovation envioronment proximity are factors affecting collaboration partner selection.With the evolution of IC industry chain, the significance of geographic proximity on facilitating innovation collaboration is declining, and becomes lower than knowledge structure proximity since maturity of industry chain.The significance of knowledge structure proximity shows a U-shape.The significance of knowledge cumulative proximity and innovation environment proximity after the industry chain gets mature shows that the Matthew Effect has occurred within the innovation network.%随着科学的发展及与知识的融合,越来越多的创新通过多个组织合作完成,但现有研究对于合作创新机理仍缺乏共识.从社会网络视角出发,通过引入邻近性概念构建合作创新解释框架,然后基于中国1985-2015年集成电路领域的500 945条专利的全样本数据,通过QAP多元回归分析发现:地理邻近、知识积累邻近、知识结构邻近与创新环境邻近共同影响合作伙伴选择,且随着时间推移与产业发展,地理邻近的重要程度逐渐降低,知识结构邻近的影响呈现U型变化,知识积累邻近和创新环境邻近在产业进入成熟阶段后开始正向影响合作创新伙伴选择,表明合作创新网络内已经出现一定程度的阶层固化现象.