中国油菜秸秆资源的生物质能源利用潜力评价

摘要

文章利用中国各省(市)的农作物种植数据,估算长江流域油菜优势种植区域的冬闲土地面积,并评估油菜秸秆的产量和能源产品的生产潜力.研究发现:中国长江流域冬闲土地面积为1 648万hm2,可利用面积为494万hm2;2013年中国油菜秸秆和冬闲土地油菜秸秆的可收集量分别为3 817万t和2 483万t,总量可达6 300万t;油菜秸秆生物炭或生物油的总生产潜力分别为2 079万t或2 646万t,折合标准煤量为1 746万t或1 826万t;在利用50％油菜秸秆资源的情况下,生物油替代能源消费量的潜力达到913万t标准煤.中国的油菜秸秆资源十分丰富,且分布集中,其能源化利用具有规模优势,值得重视和发展.%Using production data of main crops in each province in China,we estimated the area of winter-idle land resources in rapeseed advantage planting region,and evaluated the production and energy potential of rape straw.The total area of winter idle-land in The Yangtze River region was estimated at 16.48 million hectares,of which 4.94 million hectares were suitable for rape cultivation.The collectable production of rape straw in the year of 2013 and the winter idle-land was 38.17 million tons and 24.83 million tons,respectively,which totaled 63.00 million tons.Rape straw could produce 20.79 million tons biochar or 26.46 million tons bio-oil,which equaled to 17.46 million tons or 18.26 million tons of standard coal,respectively.If 50％ of rape straw resources can be converted into biomass energy,the potential of bio-oil for energy consumption will reach 9.13 million tons standard coal equivalence.Rape straw is abundant and centralized distributed in China,and its energy utilization has the advantage to achieve a scale production,which is worthy of more attention and development.