类别学习中人工语言标签相似性效应的眼动研究

摘要

采用眼动仪,通过两个实验来探讨无语言标签、人工语言标签在类别学习中的影响。实验一,设计两种类型刺激：外观高相似、外观低相似。实验二,设计人工语言标签四种类型刺激：外观高相似、标签低相似,外观高相似、标签高相似,外观低相似、标签低相似,外观低相似、标签高相似。结果发现：基于客体高相似无标签下,被试根据外观相似性分类;基于人工语言标签下,人工语言标签促进分类。%There are mainly two traditional types of theories in category learning—similarity-based induction and category-based category.The effect of category,especially the labels,has been gradually discovered in category learning during the two theories＇ argument,but there is a lack of systematicness in analyzing of different linguistic labels.Linguistic labels take an important role in category learning.Their eye movements were recorded with a SR Research Eye Link II eye tracker that monitored the position of the right eye every two milliseconds.In experiment 1,three no labels stimulus were included：similarity-look and same species,similarity-look and different species,dissimilarity-look and same species.In experiment 3,we create four artificial linguistic labels：similarity-look and dissimilarity-label,similarity-look and similarity-label,dissimilarity-look and similarity-label,dissimilarity-look and dissimilarity-label.From above four experiment,we found no-labels that contribute to the perceived similarity of compared entities;artificial linguistic results corroborate the similarity-based account of adults.