4种杀菌剂及其复配剂对番茄灰霉病菌的毒力

摘要

采用菌丝生长速率法测定了咯菌腈、氟啶胺、啶酰菌胺和苯醚甲环唑4种杀菌剂及其两元复配剂对番茄灰霉病菌的毒力.结果显示,咯菌腈、氟啶胺、啶酰菌胺和苯醚甲环唑对番茄灰霉病菌的有效抑制中浓度(EC50)分别为:0.018 0、0.018 1、1.896 8和2.087 4 μg/mL.复配剂啶酰菌胺∶苯醚甲环唑1∶5、1∶3和1∶1,咯菌腈∶苯醚甲环唑1∶5增效作用最明显;复配剂咯菌晴∶苯醚甲环唑1∶3,咯菌腈∶氟啶胺1∶3,啶酰菌胺∶咯菌腈5∶1,啶酰菌胺∶苯醚甲环唑3∶1具有增效作用,SR值范围为1.5～4.05,其中以复配剂啶酰菌胺∶苯醚甲环唑1∶5增效作用最好,其SR值为4.05;其余不同配比的各组合复配剂具有相加作用,其SR值范围为0.5～1.46.表明咯菌腈、氟啶胺、啶酰菌胺和苯醚甲环唑4种不同作用机制的杀菌剂可以交替或复配使用,以阻止或延缓灰霉病菌抗药性的进一步加剧,为灰霉病的综合防控和抗药性治理提供理论依据.%Toxicities of fludioxonil,fluazinam,boscalid and difenoconazole,and their mixtures to Botrytis cinerea from tomato were detected by the method of mycelial growth assay in vitro.The results showed that the EC50 values for fludioxonil,fluazinam,boscalid and difenoconazole were 0.018 0 μg/mL,0.018 1 μg/mL,1.896 8 μg/mL,and 2.087 4μg/mL,respectively.The mixtures of the fungicides boscalid and difenoconazole with the ratio of 1 ∶ 5,1 ∶ 3,1 ∶ 1 and 3∶ 1,fludioxonil and difenoconazole with the ratio of 1∶ 5 and 1∶ 3,fludioxonil and fluazinam with the ratio of 1 ∶ 3,and boscalid and fludioxonil with the ratio of 5 ∶ 1 demonstrated synergistic inhibition effect,with the synergy ratio ranged from 1.5 to 4.05.Among them,the mixture of boscalid and difenoconazole (1.∶ 5) had the strongest inhibition against B.cinerea with the synergy ratio of 4.05,indicating synergistic inhibition,while the synergy ratio of other mixtures was 0.5-1.46,indicating additive inhibition.The above results indicated that fludioxonil,fluazinam,boscalid and difenoconazole,and their mixtures can be used alternately in controlling the gray mold disease caused by B.cinerea.