大鼠肾移植模型手术改良技巧探讨

摘要

目的：探讨大鼠肾移植模型手术的改良方法。方法供体Sprague-Dawley （ SD）大鼠21只，受体Wistar大鼠42只。采用双侧供肾。受体左肾切除后借助自制导管，行受体肾动脉与供体肾动脉、受体肾静脉与供体下腔静脉端端吻合，供体输尿管带膀胱瓣与受体膀胱吻合，最后切除右肾，腹腔内注入头孢米诺10 mg，关腹。记录手术时间，动、静脉吻合时间，冷、热缺血时间等手术数据；术后大鼠存活3d认为模型建立成功，计算建模成功率，分析死亡原因。结果供体手术时间为（32.7±5.6） min，供肾修整时间为（4.2±1.1） min。受体手术时间为（42.3±4.9） min，其中动脉吻合时间为（10.1±3.2） min，静脉吻合时间为（13.9±2.5） min，尿路重建时间为（6.3±1.4） min。热缺血时间为（5.4±1.8） s，冷缺血时间为（56.2±7.3） min。42只受体大鼠中，建模成功40只，成功率为95％。另2只受体大鼠死亡，其中1只死于血管吻合口出血，1只死于尿瘘引致的腹膜炎。结论采用改良的血管端端吻合法建立大鼠肾移植模型具有操作简单、手术时间短、成功率高的特点。%Objective To investigate modified technique of renal transplantation model in rats.Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were selected as donors ( n=21 ) and Wistar rats as recipients ( n=42 ) .Renal allografts of both sides were harvested from the donors for renal transplantation.After resection of left kidney , end-to-end anastomosis of renal arteries between donor and recipient was performed by the assistance of home-made catheter.And end-to-end anastomosis between recipient's renal vein and donor's inferior vena cava was also performed.The donor's ureter with bladder patch was anastomosed to the recipient's bladder.Finally the right kidney was removed , cefminox (10 mg) was injected intraperitoneally , and then the abdominal cavity was closed.The operation data were recorded , including the operation time , artery and vein anastomosis time , cold and warm ischemia time and so on.Living for 3 days after operation was regarded as a success model.The success rate of modeling was calculated and the cause of death was analyzed.Results The operation time of donor was (32.7 ±5.6) min, and repair time for kidney was (4.2 ±1.1) min.The operation time of recipient was (42.3 ±42.3) min, including (10.1 ±3.2) min of the artery anastomosis time , (13.9 ±2.5) min of vein anastomosis time, (6.3 ±1.4) min of urinary tract reconstruction time.Warm ischemia time was (5.4 ± 1.8) s, and cold ischemia time was (56.2 ±7.3) min.In 42 recipient rats, 40 rats were successful modeling and the success rate was 95.2%.Two rats died.One died of artery anastomosis hemorrhage , and the other died of diffuse peritonitis caused by urine leakage.Conclusions Renal transplantation model in rats with modified vascular end-to-end anastomosis has the characters of simple handling , short operation time and high success rate.