Objective To study the correlation between serum testosterone levels, expression of androgen receptor (AR) and varicocele, and discuss their role in clinical diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Method 64 cases of treatment-naïve prostate cancer patients were included in the study, in which 32 cases with prostate cancer+varicocele and another 32 cases without varicocele were stratified into study group or control group, respectively. Patient’s baseline characteristics, serum testosterone levels, prostate AR and pathological morphology were observed. Result The serum tes-tosterone level was (5.89±1.32) ng/ml in control group, and (6.07±1.16) ng/ml in study group, with no significant differ-ence observed (P>0.05). The positive expression rate of AR was 62.5%in study group, and was lower than of the con-trol group at 84.4%(P<0.05). A negative correlation was observed between the expression level of AR and the clinical staging of prostate cancer (r=-0.318, P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of androgen receptor plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of varicocele in prostate cancer.%目的：研究血清睾酮水平、前列腺雄激素受体（AR）表达与精索静脉曲张的相关性，为临床前列腺疾病诊治提供一定理论依据。方法选取未经药物治疗的64例前列腺癌患者，其中实验组为32例前列腺癌合并精索静脉曲张患者，对照组为32例前列腺癌不伴精索静脉曲张患者，记录两组患者一般情况，并行血清睾酮水平、前列腺雄激素受体检测及病理组织学检查。结果对照组血清睾酮水平为（5.89±1.32）ng/ml，实验组血清睾酮值为（6.07±1.16）ng/ml，差异无统计学意义（P﹥0.05）。实验组前列腺雄激素受体的阳性表达率为62.5%，低于对照组84.4%，差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）。AR的表达均与伴精索静脉曲张前列腺癌分期呈负相关（r=-0.318， P﹤0.05）。结论前列腺雄激素受体表达在前列腺癌精索静脉曲张的发病及病情进展中发挥了重要的作用。
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