燕南芝庵《唱论》“近出所谓大乐”考

摘要

＂White Snow In Sunny Spring＂（highbrow music） records the texts of ten works and mentions that Yannan Zhi＇an classifies them into dayue（elegant and solemn music） in his book ＂Discussion about Singing＂,while ＂Essays in Leisure Time by Nancun＂ mentions he groups them into daqu（collection of instrumental music,song and dance）.These works have been classified into different forms since the Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties and ideas varied from time to time.According to the historical records from Song,Jin and Yuan Dynasties and the collections of sanqu（a form of poetry） from Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties,this paper makes a textual research on the ten works one by one,reinterprets the singing forms in the early Yuan Dynasty and provides an important exploring evidence for understanding the cipai（the name of text pattern） evolvement after the Song Dynasty.%《阳春白雪》所载燕南芝庵《唱论》中提到＂近出所谓大乐＂,并刊载十首作品的文辞;而《南村辍耕录》转载的《唱论》则作＂近世所谓大曲＂十首作品究竟是＂大乐＂还是＂大曲＂？元末、明、清以来一直说法不一。本文依据宋、金、元朝史料及元、明、清散曲集,一一对十首作品考证,对于弄清《唱论》原文所记,重新认识元代初期演唱形式,以及认识宋代以后词牌的衍化情况,提供了重要的考证依据。