工业固体废弃物制备充填胶结剂的研究进展

摘要

Backfill binder is the key to the extensive application of cemented backfill technology in the large-scale exploi-tation and deep mining of mineral resources.Cement,which is used as the most common binder,has the problems of high ener-gy consumption in production and high backfill cost.Using the industrial solid wastes with potential cementitious activity to pre-pare binder can lower the cost,improve the performance of backfill material and enhance the comprehensive utilization of solid wastes.Based on the kinds of industrial solid wastes,the application of steel slag,blast furnace slag,fly ash and non-ferrous metallurgical slag in preparing the binder was introduced.The activation methods of industrial solid wastes cementitious activity are mechanical activation and chemical activation.The activation mechanism and application of two activation methods were discussed,respectively.Lastly,the effects of binder prepared with industrial solid wastes on the strength,stability and environ-mental safety of backfill materials were analyzed.%充填胶结剂是胶结充填技术在矿产资源大规模开发和深度开采中得到广泛应用的关键.水泥作为最常用的胶结剂,存在生产能耗大和充填成本高等问题.使用具有潜在胶凝活性的工业固体废弃物制备胶结剂不仅可以降低成本、提高充填材料的性能且可以增加固体废弃物的综合利用率.按照工业固体废弃物的类别分别介绍了钢渣、高炉矿渣、粉煤灰和有色冶金渣在胶结剂中的应用.工业固体废弃物胶凝活性的激发方法主要为物理激发和化学激发,分别讨论了2种激发方法的激发机理和应用.最后,分析了工业固体废弃物制备胶结剂时对充填材料的强度、稳定性和环境安全性等性能的影响.