Pulmonary embolism refers to the disease caused by embolism blocking pulmonary artery or its branches, hindering the tissue blood supply. Lately great progress has been made in the field, however the misdiagnosis rate remains high due to the nature of the disease such as lack of specific symptoms and signs,difficult-to-detect and complex clinical manifestations, which calls for due attention of the clinicians to master the correct diagnosis. Here is to review on the methods of plasma D-dimer determination, blood-gas analysis,electrocardiography, echocardiography, diagnostic radiology, radionuclide lung scan and inspection deep vein thrombosis, in order to get a comprehensive understanding of the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.%肺栓塞是指栓塞物堵塞肺动脉或其分支,阻碍组织血液供应所引起的疾病.近年来,肺栓塞的研究取得了很大的进展,但由于肺栓塞缺乏比较特异性的症状和体征,临床表现的隐秘性和复杂性,其误诊率、漏诊率很高,应引起临床医师的重视,需要学会正确的诊断方法.现分别就血浆D-二聚体的测定、血气分析、心电图、超声心动图检查、放射诊断、放射性核素肺扫描和深静脉血栓的检查加以综述,旨在对肺栓塞的诊断有一个全面的了解.
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