社区精神分裂症患者照料者疾病知识及家庭负担调查

摘要

目的：：了解社区精神分裂症患者照料者对疾病知识的知晓情况及患者家庭负担的情况。方法：采用抽签法进行抽样,选取120名精神分裂症患者照料者作为调查对象,采用自行设计的精神分裂症照料者相关知识调查问卷(内容包括疾病名称、药物名称、作用及副作用、家庭护理知识、精神症状的识别等)以及家庭会谈量表( FIS,包括家庭经济负担、家庭日常活动、家庭休闲娱乐活动、家庭关系的影响、家庭成员心理健康5个维度)为工具,调查人员经统一培训后首先进行一致性测试,进行精神卫生知识水平和家庭负担等内容的调查。结果：精神分裂症患者照料者的FIS测评家庭负担总分为(13.43±7.91)分,家庭经济负担、家庭日常活动、家庭休闲娱乐活动、家庭关系的影响、家庭成员心理健康5个因子阳性回答率均较高(分别为59.66%、45.97%、45.21%、46.64%和20.84%),尤其是经济负担和家庭日常生活的扰乱中的各条目。照料者对所服药物名称(部分了解占61.7%)、作用(部分了解占73.3%)、不良反应(部分了解占73.3%)；患者精神症状(部分了解占79.2%)、如何进行家庭护理(部分了解占53.3%)、怎样对症状进行观察(部分了解占75.0%)等相关知识有不同程度的欠缺。结论：精神分裂症患者照料者的家庭负担较重,并对疾病知识的知晓情况存在不同程度的欠缺。%Objective:To understand disease knowledge and family burden situations of family caregivers of community schizo-phrenic patients. Methods:Sampling was carried out using the lottery method, A total of 120 family caregivers of the schizophrenic patients were used as the research object. The self-designed questionnaire for the related disease knowledge ( including disease name, medicine name, effects and side effects, home care knowledge, mental symptom recognition, etc. ) and family interview scale ( FIS, including the following 5 dimensions, like family economic burden, family daily activities, home entertainment, effects of family rela-tionships, mental health of family members) were used to investigate the mental health knowledge level and family burden and the like after all investigators had been trained together and the conformance testing was performed. Results:The FIS results showed that:the total score of family burden was 13. 43±7. 91, and the positive answer rates of family economic burden, family daily activities, home entertainment, effects of family relationships, mental health of family members were higher (59. 66%, 45. 97%, 45. 21%, 46. 64%and 20. 84%, separately), especially the entries disturbing the economic burden and family daily life. The family caregivers lacked re-lated knowledge to certain extent about medicine name (awareness rate of about 61. 7%), effects (awareness rate of about 73. 3), side effects (awareness rate of about 73. 3), mental symptoms (awareness rate of about 79. 2%), how to do home cares (awareness rate of about 53. 3%), and how to observe the symptoms (awareness rate of about 75. 0%). Conclusions:The schizophrenic caregiv-ers have a heavier family burden and lack knowledge about the disease to a certain extent.