基于GPS单点测速的海浪测量方法初探

摘要

This paper analyzed the existing methods of wave measurement, and described the advantages of GPS to measure wave. The equations of absolute velocity estimation were discussed, focused on two methods with Doppler shift. The error sources and their effect on velocity estimation were analyzed. Then, some tests were carried on to simulate dynamic velocity determination using static data. With the use of high-frequency carrier-phase derived Doppler observations, the velocity has been estimated to the precision of lcm / s or so, even can be mm / s level. And with the receiver generated Doppler measurements, the precision was 3~15cm/s.%首先分析比对了已有的测波方法,阐述了将GPS单点测速应用到测波中的优点.然后讨论了基于多普勒频移的测速方法,并分析了各类误差对测速精度的影响.最后利用静态数据进行动态测速模拟试验和实测动态数据测速与RTK (Real Time Kinematic,实时动态测量系统)位置差分测速进行—致性检验.结果表明,使用静态数据采用高频导出多普勒值测速的精度可以达到亚厘米每秒的量级,而采用原始多普勒观测值进行测速因接收机型号的不同,结果差异较大；动态测速试验中,采用导出多普勒测速的方法与RTK位置差分测速的符合精度可达3-15 cm/s.