脱硫石膏不同施用深度对盐碱土壤改良效果的影响

摘要

In this study,we focus on the effects of desulfurization gypsum in different depths on saline-alkaline soil.Micro-plot experiment in the field was designed in Shihezi oasis area of Manasi River Basin.In the field experiment,four treatments were applied:CK (no desulfurized gypsum),T1 (application of 30 t/hm2 desulfurized gypsum to 0-10 cm soil layer),T2 (application of 30 t/hm2 desulfurized gypsum to 0-20 cm soil layer) and T3 (application of 30 t/hm2 desulfurized gypsum to 0-40 cm soil layer).The results showed that with the increase of depth of applying desulphurization gypsum,soil pH,the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and bulk density decreased,the soil porosity and the amount of macroaggregates increased,and the content of Na+ decreased significantly;The overall performance in the soil layers of 10-20 cm and 20-40 cm was T1＜T2＜T3;The yield of cotton was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05)after the application of 30 t/hm2 desulphurization gypsum to the different soil depth layers.Cotton yield was increased by 22.89％ in T1,29.60％ in T2 and 47.54％ in T3 compared with CK,which showed that growth and yield of cotton increased significantly with the application of 30 t/hm2 desulfurization gypsum to the soil layers of 0-40 cm deep.%为了探明脱硫石膏不同施用深度对盐碱土改良效果的影响,以新疆玛纳斯河流域石河子绿洲盐碱地为研究区,通过田间微区试验,采用了CK(不施脱硫石膏)、T1(0～10 cm土层施入30 t/hm2脱硫石膏)、T2(0～20 cm土层施入30 t/hm2脱硫石膏)、T3(0～40 cm土层施入30 t/hm2脱硫石膏)4个处理.研究结果表明,随着脱硫石膏施用深度增加,pH值、碱化度和土壤容重降低,土壤孔隙度和大团聚体数量增加,土壤中Na+含量显著下降,在10～20 cm、20～40 cm土层中表现为T1＜T2 ＜T3.施用30 t/hm2脱硫石膏与不同土层深度混合后显著提高了棉花产量(P＜0.05),T1、T2与T3处理与CK相比,棉花分别增产22.89％、29.60％、47.54％.表明30 t/hm2脱硫石膏与0～40 cm土层混合均匀对促进棉花生长发育,提高产量效果更加显著.