X 光机操作员视觉搜索作业疲劳模糊综合评价

摘要

Visual fatigue of X-ray machine operators is investigated in order to understand the intensity of their workload,and provide a reliable method for a comprehensive,objective and synthetic evaluation of fatigue level.Based on a complex system of human-machine-environment-management,features of visual fatigue resulting from search processes are analyzed.According to its characteristics,3 first-level indices are established,including visual fatigue,mental fatigue, and local muscle fatigue.Then 1 9 second-level indices are also designed.A model based on fuzzy synthetic evaluation of second-level indices is developed to comprehensively evaluate visual fatigue of X-ray machine operators.Analytic hierarchy process (AHP)is used to determine the weight of first-level and second-level indices in this evaluation.Data for evaluation matrices in this model is collected through 100 valid questionnaires.Using this fuzzy distribution method,evaluation re-sults of second-level indices are:the high or severe fatigue ratio of operators in vision system,neural system,and local muscle is 54.9%,50.2% and 49%,respectively.The corresponding results of first-level indices are 63% of the X-ray ma-chine operators,indicating a high or severe state of fatigue.According to the principle of maximum membership degree, the maximum degree of membership of first-level indices is 0.44,and the X-ray machine operators of this airport are in a state of high fatigue overall.%调查 X 光机操作员的疲劳现状,了解其工作负荷强度,可为全面、客观、综合地评价 X 光机操作员的疲劳程度提供可靠依据.从人-机-环-管复杂系统出发,分析 X 光机操作员视觉搜索作业引发疲劳的过程.根据视觉搜索作业引发疲劳的特点,从视觉疲劳、心理疲劳和身体局部肌肉疲劳3个方面建立3个一级指标；设计19个二级评价指标,建立 X 光机操作员视觉搜索作业疲劳的二级模糊综合评价模型,对 X 光机操作员的疲劳进行综合评价.利用层次分析法确定一级、二级指标权重,并通过100份有效问卷获得模型中评判矩阵的信息.按照模糊分布的方法,二级指标评判结果是：视觉系统、精神系统和身体局部肌肉处于高度疲劳和重度疲劳状态的人员比例依次为54．9％,50．2％和49％；一级指标综合评价结果是：63％的 X 光机操作员处于高度疲劳或重度较疲劳的状态.按最大隶属度原则,一级指标的隶属度的最大值为0．44,该机场 X 光机操作员总体上处于高度疲劳的状态.