六朝与隋唐五代时期的石刻楷书中存在着大量异体字,它们具有十分重要的研究价值。本文采用基于语料库的方法,分别从异体字数量、异体字形、字位主形三个方面对＂六朝石刻楷书语料库＂与＂隋唐五代石刻楷书语料库＂中所贮存的异体字展开比较调查。调查表明：从数量上看,与六朝相比,隋唐五代石刻楷书的形体渐趋规范定型;楷化过程中,组成汉字的构件与笔画数量、汉字出现的频率、历史的传承与积淀是影响异体数量的共同因素。从字形上看,两段时期的异体字之间存在着很大的传承性,同时,隋唐五代石刻楷书中也出现了一部分具有时代特征的变异形体,其代表即＂武周新字＂。从字位主形上看,简易、区别、表义性、系统性原则是汉字楷化过程中楷书异体的选择标准及优化原则。%There are many allographs in and Wei, Jin and Northern ＆ Southern Dynasty and Sui Tang and 5 - Dynasty periods Carved stone Regular script-character. This paper is a corpus - based study which counts and analyzes all the allographs extracted from two corpuses for the exploration of their difference and sameness. It indicates that, the shape of the allograph in Sui Tang and 5 - Dynasty periods is becoming normative. The same reason about character variation is the number of component , stroke, frequency and heritage. There is a great tradition of allographs in this Two periods. The basic standards and the improving prin- ciples of choosing allographs are the simple shape, and distinction, the righteous, systematicness during the period of kaishu.
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