The objective (minimization of the maximum side lobe in the element beam pattern) and optimizing conditions (including number of antennas, antenna diameter, operational frequency band, minimum distance and the maximum area) are given for optimized design of the layout of large scale antenna arrays for deep space communication. An optimization model is proposed. Theoretical analysis shows that the peak value of a normalized side lobe after layout optimization is lower than that of a randomized layout by In N/N (N is the number of antennas). Then, optimization procedures based on gradient search algorithm are given and simulation is performed. The simulation results show that the maximum side lobe is reduced to about —lOdB under the simulation conditions, and this is consistent with theoretical analysis.%针对深空测控通信背景下大规模组阵的天线布局优化问题,给出了优化目标(即单元波束内合成波束附近的旁瓣最小化)以及优化边界条件(包括天线数、天线口径、工作频段、最小间距和最大布局范围等),并在此基础上建立了优化模型,理论分析表明,布局优化后的归一化旁瓣峰值比布局随机化的归一化旁瓣峰值低lnN/N(N为天线数).最后基于梯度优化算法给出具体的优化流程并进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,在给出的优化边界条件下,优化后的合成波束方向图旁瓣峰值降到约-10 dB,与理论分析结果基本一致.
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