In the period of ancient Greece,the knowledge tradition was to analyze and discuss the social and political phenomena in the sense of philosophy and within the category of ethnics. This was the invasion of philosophy in society,which overlooked or hollowed out the social category. But these knowledge traditions provided the path and direction for the later development of the subjects. In the Middle Ages,the Christian civilization, which occupied the dominant position,finally built a unique scene during the procedure of absorbing and accepting classical philogophy and politics,i. e. Christian theology and political view. The Renaissance reaffirmed the dignity of man. The thinkers began to study human matters in the practical sense and the attention to the real politilcal life was mentioned once again on the schedule. Machiavelli pulled the political science from the category of philosophy and distinguished politicts from society for the first time. The former had power as its core,while the major body of the latter was morality. This made it possible to study the relationship between politics and society from the sense of subjects. The political thinkers during the period of the Enlightenment highlighted the role and the status of the state and associated politics and society,paved the way for the establishment of political sociol-ogy subjects.%政治社会学的古典阶段可以追溯到古希腊时期，直至18世纪的启蒙运动。古希腊时期的知识传统是在哲学意义的伦理范畴上来分析和探讨社会政治现象的，但这为学科后来的发展提供了路径和方向。在中世纪，占据统治地位的基督教文明在对古典哲学、政治学等各种思想渐次吸收和接纳过程的中形成了人类思想库中一道独特的风景，即基督教神学政治观。文艺复兴重新肯定了人的尊严，思想家用一种现实主义的眼光来研究人类事务，开始关注现实政治生活。马基雅维利将政治学从哲学的范畴中拉了出来，第一次在学术史上将以权力为核心的政治和以道德为主体的社会区分了开来，使得从学科意义上研究政治和社会的关系具有了可能性。启蒙运动时期的政治思想家更为突显国家的作用和地位，将政治和社会联系了起来，为政治社会学学科的确立铺平了道路。
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