热处理版画材物理力学性能研究

摘要

To improve the woodcut dimensional stability and processability,we selected elm timber (Ulmnus laciniata) as the test material to investigate the effects of high-temperature on the physical-mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the elm timber.The applicability of the treated timber to woodcut was discussed.The results showed that the hardness,abrasion resistance,wittability and moisture movement of heat-treated elm timber decreased with the increases of temperature and time.Treated at 220℃ for 2 h,all the indexes of the timber reached the standard for common woodcut.The heat treatment temperature and time had significant impacts on the hardness,abrasion resistance,pigment and water contact angle,tangential swelling rate,volume swelling rate and the hygroscopicity.The heat treatment also had significant impacts on the radial swelling rate.It was concluded that heat treatment on elm timber for woodcut could improve the dimensional stability,reduce the size variation during making and printing woodcut,and improve the accuracy of different blank overprint,which were favorable to realize the precision requirements of the artists for engraving on the details.%为改善版画材尺寸稳定性和加工性能,以榆木为试验材料,采用12组热处理工艺对榆木进行了高温热处理试验,通过进行热处理前后榆木物理力学性能和尺寸稳定性与常用版画材的比较,探讨了榆木经热处理后能否达到常用版画材的范围.结果表明,随着对榆木进行热处理其温度的升高和时间的延长,试材的硬度、耐磨性、润湿性和湿涨率均呈逐渐下降趋势,在220℃2h时各项指标均达到常用版画材范围.其中热处理温度和时间对硬度、耐磨性、水和颜料对其接触角、弦向湿涨率、体积湿涨率和吸湿率均有显著影响,热处理温度对径向湿涨率有显著影响.热处理材能够明显改善榆木作为版画材的尺寸稳定性,减小了在刻板和印制过程中尺寸的变化,提高不同底版套印时的精度,有利于实现艺术家在细节上对版画的精度要求.