荒野审美与荒野价值的超验主义哲学渊源——以梭罗的《瓦尔登湖》为例

摘要

Manyof American literary works on naturalism focus on the aesthetic appreciation of the wilderness.Naturalism has played a great role in shaping the American aesthetics of wilderness, which is actually supported by philosophical thoughts.As the founder of A-merican Transcendentalism philosophy, Emerson's metaphysics and epistemology play a great supporting role in wilderness aesthetics, one of the core themes of American naturalistic literature.Taking Thoreau's Walden as an example, this paper explores how Emerson's transcendental philosophy profoundly influenced Thoreau's wilderness aesthetics and the formation of his idea that wilderness has value.%美国很多自然文学作品都以对荒野的审美欣赏为主题,自然文学对塑造美国人的荒野审美力起到了很大作用,但自然文学背后事实上是一种哲学思想的支撑.爱默生作为美国超验主义哲学的创立者,其形而上学和认识论对美国自然文学中的核心主题之一——荒野审美起到了巨大的支撑作用.本文以梭罗的《瓦尔登湖》为例,探讨爱默生创立的超验主义哲学如何深刻影响梭罗的荒野审美以及荒野具有价值这一观念的形成.