用于异源基因表达的毕赤酵母启动子研究进展

摘要

Methylotrophic Pichia pastoris is a host system widely used for protein expression.With its properties of easily fermented in high density and processing modification after eukaryotic cells interpretation, it is suitable for the expression of heterogeneous protein ( Hp) .Transcriptional regulation is a crucial link for efficient protein expression, and promoter is the most important element.Methanol inducible promoter AOX1 and constitutive promoter GAP are the most widely used promoters in P.pastoris expression system, which had been successfully used for expressing Hp. Recently, some alternative promoters have been found, including the promoters from housekeeping gene e.g.TEF, PGK1, and the promoters having the special regulation characterization e.g.FLD, PHO89, and so on.Through pro-moter sequence transformation, construction of promoter library has realized fine regulation of promoters.Different promoters individually have their specific regulation mechanisms and regulation characteristics.The application of P. pastoris promoters for expressing Hp in related research progress were reviewed in this paper.%甲醇营养型毕赤酵母是一个广泛使用的蛋白表达宿主系统，易于高密度发酵、具有真核细胞翻译后加工修饰特点，适于异源蛋白分泌表达。转录调控是控制蛋白高效表达的关键环节，启动子是其中重要的元件。毕赤酵母表达系统中应用最为广泛的是甲醇诱导型AOX1启动子和组成型的GAP启动子，已成功用于一些异源蛋白的表达。近年来，发现了其他一些可供利用的启动子，包括来自管家基因的启动子如TEF、PGK1，以及具有特殊调控机制的启动子如FLD、PHO89等。此外，通过对启动子进行序列改造，构建启动子文库，实现了对启动子的精细调控。不同的启动子具有各自独特的调控机制与特点，就毕赤酵母启动子在异源蛋白表达应用中的相关研究进展进行综述。