食品中霉菌毒素样品前处理及分析方法研究进展

摘要

霉菌毒素广泛存在于食物和动物饲料中,可经食物链传递危及动物与人体健康,带来严重的食品安全问题.食品基体复杂,霉菌毒素结构多样、含量极低,其分离分析需要高效的前处理技术及快速灵敏的分析方法.该文综述了基于分子印迹聚合物、量子点材料、石墨烯类碳材料、生物材料等新型分离介质的固相(微)萃取、液相(微)萃取、免疫亲和层析、磁分离等样品前处理技术及液相色谱-质谱、免疫分析法、生物传感器等分析方法在食品霉菌毒素分析中的应用,并展望了其发展趋势.%Mycotoxins are widely present in food and animal feed.They are harmful to animal and human health through the food chain,and will reduce the nutritional value of feed and cause serious food safety problem.It is very necessary to develop efficient sample pretreatments and sensitive analytical methods for rapid analysis of these targets in complex matrix.In this paper,some pretreatment methods including solid-phase microextraction,liquid-phase microextraction,magnetic separation,immuno affinity chromatography etc.are introduced.Meanwhile,the applications and developments of analytical methods for mycotoxins,such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,enzymelinked immune-sorbent assay and biosensors etc.,are also reviewed.