论英美法中法律规则和法律原则在法律推理中的适用--以先例推理与原则推理为分析框架

摘要

法律规则与法律原则存在区别，二者在推理的过程中也有不同的适用方法，适用规则的推理可称为先例推理，适用原则的推理可称为原则推理。而根据规范先例推理的四项命题，原则推理只是先例推理的一种特殊形式。由于四项命题的存在，法官的推理不总是司法推理，也常常会变成立法推理。先例推理理论的缺陷只能通过实践来解决。%Legal rules are different from legal principles ,which are used in different ways in legal reasoning. Reasoning applies to rules can be called precedent reasoning, and reasoning applies to the principle can be called principles of reasoning. In fact, reasoning from principles is a special form of reasoning from precedent. The defect of reasoning from precedent can only be solved in practice.