养分专家系统推荐施肥对超高产夏玉米产量及养分吸收利用的影响

摘要

为推动超高产夏玉米科学施肥，采用田间试验研究了养分专家系统推荐施肥对超高产夏玉米产量、经济效益、养分积累量及氮、磷、钾肥利用效率的影响。结果表明，养分专家系统推荐施肥处理超高产夏玉米较农民习惯施肥处理增产5.28％，增收6.71％，纯收益增加1414元/hm2。养分专家系统推荐施肥处理促进了超高产夏玉米对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收利用，并实现了土壤养分平衡，其化肥偏生产力为38.25 kg/kg ，显著高于农民习惯施肥处理，其N、P2 O5、K2 O农学效率分别为7.73、12.50、9.01 kg/kg ，肥料利用率分别为28.76％、13.15％、43.31％。养分专家系统推荐施肥可作为超高产夏玉米推荐施肥方法推广应用。%In order to realize the scientific fertilization of super-high-yield summer maize ,the field experiment was conducted to study the effects of nutrient expert recommend fertilization on yield , economic benefit ,nutrient accumulation and fertilizer use efficiency of summer maize .The results showed that the nutrient expert recommend fertilization increased the grain yield by 5.28% ,the economic benefit by 6.71% and the net profit by 1 414 yuan/ha in comparison to the conventional fertilizer application . The nutrient expert recommend fertilization could promote the nutrient absorption and utilization of super-high-yield summer maize and maintain the soil nutrient balance .The partial factor productivity from applied fertilizer was 38.25 kg/kg .The agronomic efficiency of N ,P2 O5 and K2 O was 7.73 ,12.50 and 9.01 kg/kg respectively , and the fertilizer use efficiency w ere 28.76% ,13.15% and 43.31%respectively .The method of maize recommend fertilization was worthy of popularization and application in super-high-yield summer maize .