对湖北省建始县长岭岗种子园母树雌雄球花在树体中的分布特征、不同无性系雄球花的花粉产量、不同无性系单个雌球花的胚珠产量进行研究.结果表明,日本落叶松雄球花主要着生在二年生和三年生枝上,不同年龄枝条上雄球花的数目差异达到极显著水平;雄球花在树冠不同方位及不同枝条上数目的差异为随机误差;不同无性系植株间单个雄球花的花粉产量差异不显著,不同无性系植株间单个雌球花的胚珠产量存在显著差异;平均单个雄球花产花粉量为168.9 ×103粒,每株树产花粉量40.93×106粒,种子园产花粉量1.473×1012粒;平均单个雌球花产胚珠量为86.628个,每株树产胚珠3539.280个,种子园产胚珠量98.90×106个,雌雄配子比例约为1∶14.90×103;球果的直径、长度、苞鳞数、苞鳞长、苞鳞宽、饱满种子数、涩粒种子数及空粒种子数平均值分别为24.961mm、27.432 mm、44.694片、10.773mm、9.843 mm、55.917粒、6.889粒及5.217粒,不同无性系球果间的以上特征存在显著或极显著差异.通过调查单株日本落叶松花粉产量、胚珠产量,可以较为准确地预测种子园种子产量.%With mother trees of seed orchard located at Changlingang, Jianshi, Hubei, a research project has been carried out into the male cone and the female cone distribution in the tree crown, pollen production and ovule number for a different clone tree. The results showed that male cones were on 2 and 3 years' branches, there was a significant difference among different age branches for male cone number; there was also a significant difference among azimuth for male cone number; there was no significant difference for pollen production of a male cone among different clones, while there was a significant difference for ovule production of a female cone among different clones; the number of pollen produced per male cone was 168.9 × 103, per tree 40.93 × 106, and the whole seed orchard 1.473 × 1012; the number of ovule produced per female cone was 86.628, per tree 3539.280, the whole seed orchard 98.90 × 106 and the ratio of ovule to pollen l: 14.90 × 103; female cone diameter, female cone length, bract scale number, bract scale length, bract scale width, full seed number, Se-seed number and empty seed number were 24.961 mm, 27.432 mm, 44.694,10.773 mm, 9.8432 mm, 55.917, 6.889 and 5.217 respectively; there were significant difference or extremely significant difference for all of these characteristics among different clones; the seed output of orchard can be predicted according to the ovule number produc ed in this seed orchard.
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