4种花茶中重金属含量和农药残留调查

摘要

目的：调查南宁市市售茉莉花茶、玫瑰花茶、白贡菊花茶以及金银花茶4种花茶中的重金属含量和农药残留情况,为花茶中的重金属和农药残留安全风险评估提供参考依据。方法参照相关国家标准,采用原子吸收光谱法和原子荧光光谱法测定4种花茶中铅、镉、镍、铬、砷、汞的含量；采用液相色谱法和气相色谱法测定多菌灵、毒死蜱、乐果、三唑磷、克百威、啶虫脒、三氯杀螨醇、吡虫啉、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯和联苯菊酯共11种农药的残留量,并依据国家标准中上述重金属和农药残留量的限量标准对检测结果进行分析评价。结果4种花茶中的重金属含量各异,除了镍没有限量要求外,茉莉花茶、玫瑰花茶和白贡菊花茶中的重金属含量均符合要求,而金银花茶中的镉含量超出限量标准要求；4种花茶中均检出啶虫脒,其含量在0.002~0.147 mg/kg,其中白贡菊花茶中啶虫脒的残留量超标,茉莉花茶、玫瑰花茶和金银花茶中11种农药的残留量均符合限量要求。结论在金银花茶和白贡菊花茶中分别存在重金属和农药残留安全隐患,应加强茶场的卫生质量监测,确保花茶的安全性。%Objective To investigate the content of heavy metals and pesticide residues in 4 kinds of herb teas including jasmine tea, rose tea, white chrysanthemum tea and honeysuckle tea sold in Nanning, so as to provide a reference for the safety risk assessment of heavy metals and pesticide residues in herb tea.MethodsAccording to relevant national standards, the content of Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, As and Hg were measured by atom absorption spectrophotometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry respectively, and 11 kinds of pesticide residues including carbendazim, carbofuran, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, triazophos, kelthane, cypermethrin, fenvalerate and bifenthrin were determined by liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. Then the results were analyzed and evaluated according to the limited standards of above heavy metals and pesticide residues in national standards.ResultsThe 4 kinds of herb teas had different content of heavy metals. There was no limited standard for Ni, and apart from that, the content of other elements in jasmine tea, rose tea and white chrysanthemum tea were all below the limitations, while the Cd concentration in honeysuckle tea exceeded the standard value. Acetamiprid was detected in the 4 kinds of herb teas with the content ranged from 0.002 to 0.147 mg/kg and the concentration of acetamiprid in white chrysanthemum tea exceeded the limitation. The concentrations of 11 kinds of pesticide residues in jasmine tea, rose tea and honeysuckle tea were all below the limitations.Conclusion There were potential safety hazards of heavy metals and pesticide residues pollution in honeysuckle tea and chrysanthemum tea respectively, so the monitoring of health quality in tea plantations should be strengthened to ensure the safety of herb teas.