Somatic gene V617F mutation in JAK2 is a critical molecular and biological indicator to diagnosis of chronic myeloproliferalive disease (MPD). This study was aimed to investigate the genetic background of V6I7F mutation in 46/1 gene haplotype in Chinese MPD patients, and the frequencies of 46/1 gene haplotype and V617F mutation in three nationalities of Chinese populations. Peripheral blood or bone marrow samples of 150 V617F mutation positive MPD patients, 123 V617F mutation negative MPD patients, 124 healthy Han individuals, 39S healthy Tibetan individuals and 315 healthy Yugu individuals were collected. The allele-specific multiplex PCR method was established, the presence or absence of V6I7F mutation, the presence or absence of 46/1 haplotype, and the relationship between V617F and 46/1 haplotype were easily identified by agarose gel image. The results showed that the V617F mutation located in the 46/1 haplotype of 88 cases (58.67%) among 150 M577F-positive MPD cases. In 814 Chinese healthy individuals including Han,Tibetan, Yugu nationalities, the frequency of the 46/1 gene haplotype was 38.37% without difference in the frequency among different nationalities, and no V617F mutation was found in Chinese healthy populations, The frquency of the 46/1 gene haplotype was 43.09% in V617F mutation negative MFD patients and was 69.33% in V6I7F mutation positive MPD patients, the latter was obviously higher than former and than that in healthy Han individuals. In conclusion, a multiplex PCR method has been developed that is simple and useful to identify V617F mutation in JAK2 gene and its relationship to the 46/1 haplotype. In more than half of Chinese VS17F-positive MPD patients, the V6I7F mutation locates in 46/1 haplotype in JAK2. The frequencies of 46/1 haplotype are statistically insignificant among Han, Tibetan and Yugu nationality populations.%体细胞基因JAK2V617F突变是诊断骨髓增殖性疾病(MPD)最主要的分子生物学标志.本研究旨在探索中国MPD患者中JAK2V617F是否与46/1 JAK2基因单体型(rs12343867,简称46/1)基因易感性相关,确定46/1在MPD患者及健康汉族、藏族、裕固族人群中的分布.采集了150例JAK2V617F突变阳性的MPD患者、123例JA K2 V617突变阴性的MPD患者、124例健康汉族人、395例健康藏族人及315例健康裕固族人的外周血或者骨髓样本,建立了一种能够同时分析JAK2V617F和46/1是否位于同一等位基因上的ARMS-PCR方法,比较有和无JAK2V617基因突变的MPD患者46/1 JAK2基因单体型检出率的差异,分析中国健康汉族、藏族、裕固族人群中46/1 JAK基因单体型的分布特征.结果显示:在150例能检出JAK2V617F突变的MPD患者中,有88例(58.67％)的JAK2V617F突变发生在46/1基因单体型上.在814例健康中国人中,46/1基因单体型的检出率为38.37％,3个民族中的检出率无差别,健康人中未检测出JAK2V617F突变.在JAK2V617F突变阴性的MPD患者中46/1单体型的检出率为43.09％,而在JAK2 V617F突变阳性的MPD患者中46/1基因单体型的检出率为69.33％,远高于JAK2V617F突变阴性的MPD患者和健康人.结论:建立了一种能够同时分析JAK2V617和46/1是否位于同一等位基因上的ARMS-PCR方法；中国MPD患者JAK2V617F基因突变大部分发生在46/1等位基因上；46/1单体型在中国健康汉族人、藏族人及裕固族人中分布没有明显差异.
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