The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition, containing IFT46, for alleviating polycystic kidney disease, and to an Ift46 gene condition-defective autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease animal model. As the IFT46 expression decreases, the formation of cysts increases and the damage of filaments appears, which correspond to symptoms associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, and thus the pharmaceutical composition, containing the IFT46 protein or the gene encoding the protein, for alleviating polycystic kidney disease, can be used to treat autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. In addition, the Ift46 gene condition-defective autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease animal model can be used in researching therapeutic methods for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease or screening candidate therapeutic materials therefor.
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