新诊断2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变患病率及危险因素调查：东莞眼病研究

摘要

Objective To describe the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in permanent residents aged 40 years and older in Hengli town, Dongguan city. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 8 952 (eligible participants)Han Chinese aged 40 years and older from 16 villages and a community participated in the census of diabetes. Participants underwent standardized interview, physical and ocular examinations including: general message, social and economic situation, the questionnaire of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy, anthropometry, laboratory examination. All the DM patients received fundus photography in order to calculate and analyse the prevalence and risk factors of DR in newly diagnosed T2DM. Results Of 11 181 eligible persons, 8 592 were examined, and response rate was 80.06%. 1 072 patients were newly diagnosed T2DM, accounting for 71.09%, and the average age was 58.94±7.74 years. The age and gender standardized prevalence of DR in newly diagnosed T2DM was 12.64%. In the logistic multivariate analysis, factors that were significantly associated with DR in newly diagnosed T2DM were male and higher glycosylated hemoglobin. Conclusions The prevalence of DR in newly diagnosed T2DM was 12.64% in Hengli town, Dongguan city. There is a strong requirement for early screening for DR in newly diagnosed T2DM to reduce blindness resulted from diabetic retinopathy, especially paying attention to men and higher glycosylated hemoglobin T2DM.%目的：调查分析广东省东莞市横沥镇40岁及以上常住户籍居民新诊断2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变患病率及其危险因素。方法以人群为基础的横断面流行病学调查。对广东省东莞市横沥镇1个社区和16个行政村，40岁及以上户籍常住居民进行普查。调查内容包括：基本信息、问卷调查、身体测量、实验室检查以及系统眼科检查。所有糖尿病患者均接受眼底照相检查。统计分析新诊断2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率及危险因素。结果8952人参与糖尿病筛查和眼科检查，应答率为80．06％，新诊断2型糖尿病患者1072人，占71．09％，平均年龄为（58．94±7．74）岁，糖尿病视网膜病变患病率为12．64％。 Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示男性和糖化血红蛋白（≥6．5％）是影响新诊断2型糖尿病患者发生糖尿病视网膜病变的独立危险因素。结论广东省东莞市横沥镇40岁及以上常住户籍居民中新诊断2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变患病率为12．64％，建议对新诊断2型糖尿病患者进行早期眼底筛查，尤其需要关注男性和糖化血红蛋白异常患者。