微乳液法制备纳米氧化锌及微乳体系相行为研究

摘要

研究了表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)与助表面活性剂正丁醇微乳体系的相行为，考察了表面活性剂与助表面活性剂的质量比、油相种类、锌离子浓度对微乳液拟三元相区大小的影响，以确定适宜制备纳米氧化锌的微乳体系.研究表明，当m(CTAB)∶m(正丁醇)∶m(正辛烷)=1.2∶1∶4.4时，微乳体系具有较高的增溶水量.采用该配比，在微乳体系中制备出粒径小、尺寸分布窄的纳米氧化锌，并用扫描电镜(SEM)、粉末 X 射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-vis)等对纳米氧化锌的形态和晶体结构进行了表征.%The phase behavior of microemulsion system with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)as the surfactant and n-butanol as the co-surfactant was investigated.The effects of organic solvent,the mass ratio of CTAB to n-butanol and the concentration of Zn2+ on the microemulsion pseudo-ternary phase region were studied in order to prepare proper microemulsion for making ZnO nanoparticles.It is indicated that the large and stable microemulsion region is formed when the mass ratio of CTAB,n-butanol and 1-octane is 1.2∶1∶4.4.Zinc oxide nanoparticles with small grain size and narrow size distributions are synthesized at the optimum ratio by the microemulsion approach. The morphologies and crystalline structures of the obtained nano-sized ZnO particles are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),powder X-ray diffraction (XRD)and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy.