幸福导向的水资源配置理论模型与实证研究

摘要

水资源配置中的多目标兼顾与失顾是流域水资源管理中的一对长期而复杂的深刻矛盾.导致这一矛盾的主要原因之一是对流域居民幸福这一水资源管理的终极价值目标缺乏清晰的认识.文章把水资源配置上升到资源管理与人类行为的一般性角度来认知,提出并谋求水资源管理的终极价值目标与水配置手段的协同统一.文章通过拓展运用消费者均衡理论与方法建立了面向流域居民幸福的"经济"与"生态"水资源配置均衡模型,并进行幸福导向的水资源配置路径模式的模拟与探索.研究表明,基于人本视角将水资源管理目标统一于居民幸福这一终极价值目标是化解水资源管理的多目标冲突的基本出路.在跨流域虚拟水贸易、财政转移支付等公共政策参数手段的协同配合下,幸福导向的水资源均衡配置模型可以为当前多目标水管理明确最优配水方案,并为流域提供一种基于居民幸福的可持续发展的新思路.%The multiple-objective consideration and the ultimate default of the water resource allocation is a pair of long-term complicated and profound contradiction in the community water resource management.The main reason of this contradiction is the lack of clear cognition of the ultimate value goal of the water resource management.The water resource allocation is treated on the level of the general management of resources and human behavior.The ultimate value goal of water resource management and the realization strategies are presented in this research.The model of water resources optimal allocation model orientated to the community residents` happiness by expanding the theory of consumer equilibrium.Then, the mode and path of water resource allocation orientated to happiness is modeled and explored substantially.As the result, unifying the multiple goals of water resource management to the community resident`s happiness is the basic approach to the resolution of the multiple-goal conflicts of water resource management.This water resource allocation orientated to happiness may provide a new thought based on the sustainable-happiness development to get optimal solution for multiple-goal water allocation at present.