指路标志版面评价与优化

摘要

To objectively measure the advantages and disadvantages of traffic guide sign layout, the effectiveness on ergonomics of traffic guide sign layout was quantitatively studied using multidimensional data. Fully considering information demand and information process, information demand, comprehension level, and information content were introduced, and the ergonomics evaluation model of traffic guide sign layout was established. It is more reasonable for signs to guide the routes that are close to the intersection and the important destinations that are nearby; and the arrangement of letters on the signs that is consistent with the direction of the roads, and the letters that are converted into the graphic symbols can improve the comprehension level of signs. Results show that ergonomics evaluation of traffic guide sign layout can more accurately image whether the layout of signs meets the driver's information demand;complies with the law of drive's perception; and facilitates driver's understanding of roadway configuration, and can be an effective measurement for studying the coordination among drivers, traffic guide signs, and roads.%为客观度量指路标志版面设计的优劣，从人类工效学角度应用多维量化数据评价道路交叉口指路标志版面工效性。综合考虑指路标志视认中的信息需求和信息处理过程，引入信息需求度、理解度和信息量，建立了指路标志版面工效性评价模型。发现指路标志指引交叉口直接衔接的道路信息及周边的重要地点信息更加合理，文字排列方式与道路线形保持一致、图形符号与文字结合都将提高标志内容理解水平。结果表明：版面工效性评价能很好地反映指路标志满足驾驶员信息需求、符合驾驶员认知规律、利于驾驶员感知道路线形的程度，是一种研究驾驶员、指路标志及道路之间协调性的有效方法。