研究了台车翻滚试验中驾驶员侧人体动态响应,再现无约束状态下人体头部、颈部真实损伤情况.基于THUMS人体模型进行人体损伤模拟,运用LS-DYNA有限元仿真方法,在Ford Explorer有限元模型的基础上建立整车翻滚模型,将仿真结果与碰撞测试数据库中SAE J2114某台车翻滚试验结果进行对比.结果表明:前1.1 s内,驾驶员颅骨和颈椎骨折风险较小,但是颅脑有损伤的可能性.因此,该模型能反映实际翻滚事故中的乘员损伤趋势和车辆碰撞特性.而且利用THUMS人体模型能模拟乘员的运动响应,可直观地描述人体的受伤部位,但是HybridⅢ50%男性假人颈部不能如实反映人体在翻滚中动态响应.%Injury responses were simulated by using total human model for safety (THUMS) model to represent the real injury situation for unconstrained drivers' head and neck in rollover tests. A rollover model for complete vehicles was built by using LS-DYNA finite element (FE) simulation. The simulation results were compared with the rollover test results of an SAE J2114 dolly from the crash test data based on Ford Explorer finite element model. The results show that the risk of skull fractures and cervical fractures was low within the first 1.1 s of the simulation but with an intracranial injury possibility. Therefore, the FE model can generally reflect occupants' injury trends and crash characteristics of real roll-over accidents. The THUMS model can simulate the dynamic response of occupants and intuitively describe the injured parts of human body, while the Hybrid Ⅲ 50% male dummies' neck could not reproduce the realistic occupant kinematics in rollover.
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